@misc{10481/30081,
year = {1975},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10481/30081},
abstract = {The health of the population in the Middle Ages is a
very important problem because of the terrible epidemics
which, during these years, attacked the human being. In
order to resolve these problems, the Hospitable Orders
appeeared, and, one of those was the so called Order of
Saint Anton, born in the South of France at the end of the
X century.
Its aim was to attend to the poor and above all, to look
after the patients who were affected by the "fire" of Saint
Anthony, a certain kind of erysipelas which dried up the
limbs. The money which allowed the order to do it came
from the alms and inheritances of the faithful. The alms
were obtained in different ways: either the brothers of the
congregation used to go from door to door in villages and
towns, or in Vienne, after the cult to the body of the Saint
and his relics, or, finally, with the profits from cattle, especially
porcine, which was gratuitously fed by the faithful
(especially the "marranico" of Saint Anton, which was very
well known in Spain during the Middle Ages).
These requests for alms, the only means of income, were
disminished by the existence of false quaestors, by the retention
of a part of those alms by the secular clergy and, by
the superiors of the different provinces or "Pr:eceptorias
Generales", who did not pay the pensions or careful managements
in the central building of Vienne.
This Order came to Spain in the XII century and from
the very first moment it had the royal protection, concreted
in ample exemptions and privileges which were conceded by
Henry II of Trastamara. It was administratively divided in
two "Preceptorias Generales": that of Olite, which included
the territories of the Crown of Aragon and the Realm of
Navarra; and the other one was Castrojeriz which had the
Realms of Castille and Leon. The "Encomienda of Baeza",
which was founded on the XIII century like an enclave of
the Order in the High Guadalquivir, belonged to the last
one. The most of the reconquested territories of the Realm
of Granada were belonging to its jurisdiction. The convent of the city had a church dedicated to the
cult of the Saind and a hospital which was kept by the alms
got in the whole region of the Encomienda, because of this
a lot of problems appeared in the Bishopric an Cathedral
chapter of Jaen. The presence of the Medieval Order helped
the creation of a series of associations dedicated to the
Saint, which even existed after the disappearance of the
Order.},
publisher = {Universidad de Granada},
keywords = {Orden Hospitalaria de San Antón},
keywords = {Baeza (Jaén)},
title = {La Orden Hospitalaria de San Antón en la diócesis de Baza-Jaén},
author = {Argente del Castillo Ocaña, Carmen},
}