Differences Between and Within Genders in Gender Role Orientation According to Age and Level of Education Calvo Salguero, Antonia García-Martínez, José Miguel Ángel Monteoliva Sánchez, Adelaida Gender Individual differences Gender role orientation Age Level of education Spain This study analyses the masculinity and femininity in a Spanish simple made upof 164 adult workers (88menand 76 women). To be specific, the objective was to demonstrate whether age and level of education were related to differences in masculinity and femininity, both when comparing between the two genders and when the comparisons are made within the same gender. The results indicated that the two variables predicted differences in women, but not in men. There were only differences between genders in masculinity and femininity between the ages of 20 and 39, and when the level of education is low. The results appear to support Hofstede’s hypothesis that there are fewer differences between genders in gender role orientation in feminine countries. 2019-01-08T12:48:56Z 2019-01-08T12:48:56Z 2008 info:eu-repo/semantics/article Calvo-Salguero, A.; García-Martínez, J.M.A. & Monteoliva-Sánchez, A. (2008): Differences between and within genders in gender role orientation according to age and level of education. Sex Roles, 58, 535-548. 0360-0025 http://hdl.handle.net/10481/54408 eng Sex Roles;58 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 License Springer Verlag