HUM388 - Artículos
https://hdl.handle.net/10481/41373
2024-03-28T09:32:53ZWho does what the cardiologist recommends? Psychosocial markers of unhealthy behavior in coronary disease patients
https://hdl.handle.net/10481/62531
Who does what the cardiologist recommends? Psychosocial markers of unhealthy behavior in coronary disease patients
Arrebola Moreno, Mercedes; Petrova, Dafina; Sánchez, María José; Rivera López, Ricardo Francisco; Ramírez Hernández, José Antonio
Patients diagnosed with coronary heart disease should follow lifestyle recommendations that
can reduce their cardiovascular risk (e.g., avoid smoking). However, some patients fail to follow these recommendations and engage in unhealthy behavior. With the aim to identify psychosocial factors that characterize patients at high risk of repeated cardiovascular events,
we investigated the relationship between social support, mental health (coping, self-esteem,
and perceived stress), and unhealthy behavior. We conducted a cross-sectional study of
419 patients recently diagnosed with coronary heart disease (myocardial infarction or
angina) who participated in the National Health Survey in Spain (2018). Unhealthy behaviors
were defined according to the European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention.
Only 1% of patients reported no unhealthy behaviors, with 11% reporting one, 40% two, 35%
three, and 13% four or more unhealthy behaviors. In multiple regression controlling for
demographic and traditional risk factors, mental health was the only significant psychosocial
factor, doubling the odds of accumulated unhealthy behaviors, OR(high vs. low) = 2.03, 95%
CI [1.14, 3.64]. Mental health was especially strongly related to unhealthy behavior among
patients with obesity, OR(high vs. low) = 3.50, 95% CI [1.49, 8.45]. The relationship between
mental health and unhealthy behaviors suggests that a large proportion of patients may not
adhere to lifestyle recommendations not because they purposefully choose to do so, but
because they lack coping skills to maintain the recommended healthy behaviors. Low mental
well-being may be especially detrimental for behavior change of patients with obesity.
Emotional Impact and Perceived Effectiveness of Text-Only versus Graphic Health Warning Tobacco Labels on Adolescents
https://hdl.handle.net/10481/62038
Emotional Impact and Perceived Effectiveness of Text-Only versus Graphic Health Warning Tobacco Labels on Adolescents
Margalhos, Pedro; Esteves, Francisco; Vila Castellar, Jaime; Arriaga, Patricia
The study of smoking in adolescence is of major importance as nicotine dependence often
begins in younger groups. Tobacco health warnings have been introduced to inform people
of the negative consequences of smoking. This study assessed the emotions and perceived
effectiveness of two formats of tobacco warnings on adolescents: Text-only versus graphic
warning labels. In addition, we analyzed how emotions predicted their perceived
effectiveness. In a cross-sectional study, 413 adolescents (131 smokers, 282 non-smokers)
between 13–20 years of age rated their emotions (valence and arousal) and perceived
effectiveness towards a set of tobacco warnings. Results showed that graphic warnings
evoked higher arousal than text-only warning labels (p = .038). Most of the warning labels
also evoked unpleasantness with smokers reporting higher unpleasantness regarding text only
warnings compared to non-smokers (p = .002). In contrast, perceived effectiveness of
the warnings was lower in smokers than in non-smokers (p = .029). Finally, high arousal and
being a non-smoker explained 14% of the variance of perceiving the warnings more effective.
Given the role that warnings may play in increasing health awareness, these findings
highlight how smoking status and emotions are important predictors of the way adolescents
consider tobacco health labels to be effective.
Power Spectral Density and Functional Connectivity Changes due to a Sensorimotor Neurofeedback Training: A Preliminary Study
https://hdl.handle.net/10481/59791
Power Spectral Density and Functional Connectivity Changes due to a Sensorimotor Neurofeedback Training: A Preliminary Study
Terrasa, Juan L.; Alba, Guzmán; Cifre, Ignacio; Rey, Beatriz; Montoya, Pedro; Muñoz García, Miguel Ángel
Neurofeedback is a form of neuromodulation based on learning to modify some aspects of cortical activity. Sensorimotor rhythm
(SMR) oscillation is one of the most used frequency bands in neurofeedback. Several studies have shown that subjects can learn to
modulate SMR power to control output devices, but little is known about possible related changes in brain networks. The aim of this
study was to investigate the enhanced performance and changes in EEG power spectral density at somatosensory cerebral areas due
to a bidirectional modulation-based SMR neurofeedback training. Furthermore, we also analyzed the functional changes in
somatosensory areas during resting state induced by the training as exploratory procedure. A six-session neurofeedback protocol
based on learning to synchronize and desynchronize (modulate) the SMR was implemented. Moreover, half of the participants
were enrolled in two functional magnetic resonance imaging resting-state sessions (before and after the training). At the end of
the training, participants showed a successful performance enhancement, an increase in SMR power specific to somatosensory
locations, and higher functional connectivity between areas associated with somatosensory activity in resting state. Our research
increases the better understanding of the relation between EEG neuromodulation and functional changes and the use of SMR
training in clinical practice.
fMRI and HR Dataset for Emotional Processing Of Loved Faces And Names
https://hdl.handle.net/10481/54912
fMRI and HR Dataset for Emotional Processing Of Loved Faces And Names
Vila Castellar, Jaime; Morato Gabao, Cristina; Lucas, Ignacio; Guerra Muñoz, Pedro María; Castro-Laguardia, Ana María; Bobes, María A.