DNB - Artículos
https://hdl.handle.net/10481/32035
2024-03-29T01:17:30ZExploring the potential of phenolic and antioxidant compounds in new Rosaceae fruits
https://hdl.handle.net/10481/90026
Exploring the potential of phenolic and antioxidant compounds in new Rosaceae fruits
Razola Díaz, María del Carmen; Aznar Ramos, María José; Benítez Cruz, Guillermo; Gómez Caravaca, Ana María; Verardo, Vito
BACKGROUND: Rosaceae fruits have been used in traditional medicine for the prevention and treatment of diseases. However,
these fruits have not extensively been studied regarding their phenolic composition. Thus, this research focuses on the determination
of phenolic compounds by high-performance liquid chromatography electrospray ionization time-of-flight mass
spectrometry, flavan-3-ols by high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection, and the antioxidant activity
by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, 2,20-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid), and ferric reducing antioxidant
power of the fruits of five species of genera Crataegus and Sorbus (Rosaceae).
RESULTS: We found a total of 71 phenolic compounds from which 30 were identified in these berries for the first time. Crataegus
monogyna and Crataegus laciniata revealed higher total phenolic and flavan-3-ol contents than the other species and the highest
antioxidant activities.
CONCLUSIONS: Therefore, the fruits evaluated have demonstrated to be important sources of bioactive compounds with huge
potential for being used in nutraceutical or food scopes. Additional studies could be needed to evaluate the influence of the
different production areas on the phenolic content.
Melatonin and metabolic regulation: a review
https://hdl.handle.net/10481/89147
Melatonin and metabolic regulation: a review
Navarro Alarcón, Miguel; Ruiz Ojeda, Francisco Javier; Blanca Herrera, Rosa María; Mohammad-Akeel Serrano, María; Acuña Castroviejo, Darío; Fernández-Vázquez, Gumersindo; Agil Abdalla, Mhmad Ahmad
Human life expectancy has increased over the past 50 years due to scientific and medical advances and higher food availability. However, overweight and obesity affect more than 50% of adults and 15% of infants and adolescents. There has also been a marked increase in the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in recent decades, which has been associated with a reduction in nocturnal pineal production of melatonin with aging and an increased risk of coronary diseases, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and death. Melatonin is currently under intensive investigation in experimental animal models of diabetes, obesity and MS at pharmacological doses (between 5 and 20 mg kg(-1) body weight), demonstrating its capacity to ameliorate the total metabolic profile and its potential as an alternative to conventional drug therapies for the disorders associated with the MS, i.e. elevated systolic blood pressure, and impairment of glucose homeostasis, plasma lipid profile, inflammation, oxidative stress, and increased body weight. An especially significant finding is the induction by melatonin of white adipose tissue browning, which may be related to its effects against oxidative stress, uncoupling the mitochondrial bioenergetic process by enhancing the expression of uncoupled-protein-1 (UCP-1), which has been related to body weight reduction in experimental animals. Further research is required to improve knowledge of this mechanism. Clinical studies are needed with the administration of pharmacological melatonin doses, because the dose has ranged between 0.050 and 0.16 mg kg(-1) bw in most studies to date. Melatonin is a natural phytochemical, and it is also important to test its beneficial metabolic effects when consumed in functional foods.
Study of the effect of different fermenting microorganisms on the Se, Cu, Cr, and Mn contents in fermented goat and cow milks
https://hdl.handle.net/10481/89144
Study of the effect of different fermenting microorganisms on the Se, Cu, Cr, and Mn contents in fermented goat and cow milks
Verónica Quintana, Aida; Olalla Herrera, Manuel; Ruiz López, María Dolores; Moreno Montoro, Miriam; Navarro Alarcón, Miguel
The aim of this study was to determine the Se, Cu, Cr, and Mn concentrations of different types of goat- and cow-milk fermented products and evaluate the influence of fermenting bacteria (classical fermenting starters and a probiotic strain) on these concentrations. Atomic absorption spectrometry with hydride generation was used to measure Se and electrothermal atomization to measure Cu, Cr and Mn. Analytical parameters determined in the fermented milks demonstrated that the procedures used were adequate for Se, Cu, Cr, and Mn analyses. Se levels were significantly lower in fermented goat milk products than in fermented cow milk products (p < 0.05). Se, Cu, Cr, and Mn levels did not differ as a function of the fermenting bacteria used in commercial fermented goat or cow milks or in the lab-produced goat yoghurt. Given the Se, and Cr intakes for healthy adults, goat and cow yogurts may be important dietary sources.
Bioaccessible peptides released by in vitro gastrointestinal digestion of fermented goat milks
https://hdl.handle.net/10481/89139
Bioaccessible peptides released by in vitro gastrointestinal digestion of fermented goat milks
Moreno Montoro, Miriam; Jauregi, Paula; Navarro Alarcón, Miguel; Olalla Herrera, Manuel; Giménez Martínez, Rafael Jesús; Amigo, Lourdes; Miralles, Beatriz
In this study, ultrafiltered goat milks fermented with the classical starter bacteria Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus and Streptococcus salivarus subsp. thermophilus or with the classical starter plus the Lactobacillus plantarum C4 probiotic strain were analyzed using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS) and/or high performance liquid chromatography-ion trap (HPLC-IT-MS/MS). Partial overlapping of the identified sequences with regard to fermentation culture was observed. Evaluation of the cleavage specificity suggested a lower proteolytic activity of the probiotic strain. Some of the potentially identified peptides had been previously reported as angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory, antioxidant, and antibacterial and might account for the in vitro activity previously reported for these fermented milks. Simulated digestion of the products was conducted in the presence of a dialysis membrane to retrieve the bioaccessible peptide fraction. Some sequences with reported physiological activity resisted digestion but were found in the non-dialyzable fraction. However, new forms released by digestion, such as the antioxidant αs1-casein 144YFYPQL149, the antihypertensive αs2-casein 90YQKFPQY96, and the antibacterial αs2-casein 165LKKISQ170, were found in the dialyzable fraction of both fermented milks. Moreover, in the fermented milk including the probiotic strain, the k-casein dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitor (DPP-IV) 51INNQFLPYPY60 as well as additional ACE inhibitory or antioxidant sequences could be identified. With the aim of anticipating further biological outcomes, quantitative structure activity relationship (QSAR) analysis was applied to the bioaccessible fragments and led to potential ACE inhibitory sequences being proposed. Graphical abstract Ultrafiltered goat milks were fermented with the classical starter bacteria (St) and with St plus the L. plantarum C4 probiotic strain. Samples were analyzed using HPLC-IT-MS/MS and UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS. After simulated digestion and dialysis, some of the active sequences remained and new peptides with reported beneficial activities were released.
Melatonin increases magnesium concentrations in white adipose tissue and pancreas of diabetic obese rats
https://hdl.handle.net/10481/89131
Melatonin increases magnesium concentrations in white adipose tissue and pancreas of diabetic obese rats
Navarro Alarcón, Miguel; Villalón Mir, Marina; Jiménez, Celia; Quesada Granados, José Javier; Agil Abdalla, Mhmad Ahmad
Melatonin is a natural bioactive compound, whose intake by obese diabetic Zucker (ZDF) rats improves this pathology. Hypomagnesaemia has also been observed in diabetes, and magnesium (Mg) is known to play an essential role in carbohydrate metabolism. In this study we have determined the effect of melatonin intake on Mg concentrations in white adipose tissues and organs in ZDF rats. This study reveals for the first time that melatonin intake increases Mg concentrations in subcutaneous lumbar, visceral, omentum, and gonadal adipose tissue and in the pancreas. These findings may be related to an improvement in the homeostatic regulation of adipocytokines produced by white adipose tissues, and to a reduction in plasmatic oxidative stress, which would lead to a decrease in insulin resistance and improvement in glucose homeostasis. These results open up the beneficial use of melatonin for the development of functional foods to ameliorate glucose homeostasis in obesity-associated diabetes.